T-minus 24 hours

Less than 24 hours before residency begins and I’ll be starting with a bang.  Much like my clerkship, which started with General Surgery and a call shift, I will be starting on my home service (the busiest) and with call.  On top of that, I will be on call Friday, Saturday, and Sunday next week.  That means I’m looking at an 11 day work stint.  Time to get to work!  Now that I will actually be starting work, my blog will shift more towards daily experiences of being a new resident.  I will still try to incorporate some med school/healthcare topics, but the focus will be on what it’s like to go through surgical residency.

For those who don’t know what being “on call” is, it is when you’re working non-regular hours.  At the end of the work day there still needs to be someone at the hospital operating on emergency cases, handling ward consults, and seeing consults from the emergency room.  This person stays “on call” and works throughout the night until the next morning.  Usually hospitals have call rooms for doctors to sleep in if they are so lucky to get the chance.  On many services it is mandatory that you stay in the hospital all night (in-house call), whether or not there is work to do.  My service has home call, which means in theory I am allowed to go home unless I get called back into the hospital. The down side to this is that when you have in-house call you are allowed a “post-call day,” which means you get a day off after your call shift.  With home call you don’t.  So, if you are on a busy service with home call you will essentially be at the hospital all night anyways, but you don’t get a post-call day so you’re straight back to work in the morning!

D-day is tomorrow, see you on the beach.

 

The truth behind “We need more doctors.”

WCBA-Globe-Sept28

Often when you tell someone you are a doctor, or becoming a doctor, their first response goes something like, “Good for you! We really need more doctors!” This is a widely held public belief that stems from long wait times to see specialists, long ER wait times, and difficulties finding a family doctor. In a way they’re right, we do need more doctors. But, the solution isn’t as simple as you might imagine and what the Canadian government has been doing is not working.


The bottleneck.

One popular belief, which has actually been a reality in the past few years, is that by increasing medical school spots we will yield more doctors.  To that effect all of the Canadian med schools have been increasing enrolment numbers steadily.  Great!  But this doesn’t actually fix the situation.  Graduated med students ≠ doctors.  Graduated residents = doctors.  Thus, ALL med students must complete some form of residency, whether it be family practice or neurosurgery, to be qualified to practice.  So unless we also increase the number of residency spots then we have a huge bottleneck of med students fighting for limited positions in residency programs.  To make matters worse, the government (and lobbyists) want to include internationally-trained medical students into the pool of applicants for residency, further increasing the number of students vying for careers.


No money, mo’ problems.

You might think that the solution would be to increase med school and residency program spots together.  Alas, this is also not a complete solution.  One problem many graduating residents have is finding a job.  This is surprising because we’ve all be led to believe that there aren’t enough doctors.  Why aren’t there enough jobs?  Well, there aren’t.  This varies between specialities.  

In family practice,  for example, you essentially work for yourself and can open up a clinic anywhere you like.  Since many people are desperate for a GP, your practice is usually full within a couple weeks.  GPs have it good, because they really can work wherever they want.  For surgical subspecialties, however, the landscape is entirely different.  Your job is contingent on operating time at a hospital.  Frankly, there isn’t enough.  Hospitals don’t want to hire more surgeons if they don’t have the operating time for them to work.  It mostly comes down to expense and funding of the ORs.  Don’t believe me? Many specialists, especially orthopaedic surgeons, are either in a holding pattern doing extra training (fellowship) or are leaving the country altogether for greener pastures down south.  This is a major problem because not only do we lose surgeons, we lose our major financial investment in their education.


 

So what the heck do we do?

This is not an easy question to answer and many, more qualified people have been trying to solve it.  First of all, policy-makers need to be educated.  A group of my med school classmates went to our provincial government this past year for an information session.  They were absolutely dumbstruck that the government officials did not know what residency was.  They assumed everyone was a doctor after medical school.  They also didn’t know that you need a university degree before entering medical school (at 90% of schools).  How are these people supposed to make sound decisions about healthcare resource planning when they don’t even understand their resources?

Fixing the “doctor shortage” really is a system-wide dilemma.  Yes, we need to increase med school seats but we also need to make sure there are adequate numbers of residency program spots as well.  But, most importantly, we need to look at the job market i.e. how many physicians/surgeons can the healthcare system handle.  Like most things, it comes down to efficiency and money.  Hospitals and healthcare authorities need more funding and they need to use it efficiently.  If there are long wait times for surgical specialists then we need more operating time, not just more specialists. 

 

Leave any comments you have below!

Med School Musings – Strut your stuff

There are less than two weeks until D-Day, so soon my posts will shift towards actual residency experiences.  In the mean time though, I’d like to talk about the residency elective process.

Upon getting into med school one of my predominant emotions was relief.  I was relieved that I had finally made it, that I wouldn’t have to take the MCAT again, that I now had some direction in my life.  That feeling lasted throughout first year, but was soon replaced with that familiar black cloud of uncertainty and anxiety that is the residency selection system.

For those unaware, residency is where you actually become a doctor.  After medical school you have a MD degree, but you do not have a license to practice and aren’t a fully qualified physician.  To become a full doctor you need do complete a 2-5 year residency culminating in board exams.  This is also where you specialize.  If you want to be a family doctor you do a family medicine residency, if you want to be a neurosurgeon you do a neurosurgery residency etc.

Disclaimer: all my advice is biased and geared towards surgical residency programs.  Large medicine or psych programs may be a different animal!


Finding your people.

Different specialties within medicine tend to have unique personalities and attract certain people.  If you’ve ever seen the show Scrubs they they talk about this a lot in various episodes.  As an example, medical specialties are often seen as more “brainy” (think House) whereas surgical ones are more “brawny” (especially Ortho).

That being said, it’s important while you are doing your various rotations during clerkship to think about who you get along with.  Which groups of people can you see yourself coming to work with every day.  Do they like you as well?  Is it a good fit.  This is not only important because these will be your colleagues for the rest of your career, but also because when it comes time for programs to select residents who do you think they will pick?  They’re going to pick people who get along with members of the program already, people that hard working, and people that fit in.  After all, they are going to have to work with you for at least five years.


Be keen, but not too keen.

If you are shooting for a competitive specialty then you will most likely embark on an “electives tour.”  In order to have a reasonable chance at getting into a program you need to spend some time there actually working with them.  This is usually in the form of a 2-4 week elective.  I did ten weeks of electives traveling around the country visiting various urology programs.  I learned a great deal and met a lot of incredible people.  This was also the most stressful and difficult part of med school.  Essentially, it was ten weeks of interviews.  Every single day I had to be 100%, energetic, optimistic, and always asking if there was anything more I could do for the team.  It was gruelling but looking back an excellent experience.  At the end I was reassured because I realized that no matter where in the country I did my elective, the personalities of urology remained the same and I felt like I fit in.

While you are trying to make a good impression, it is important to remember that no one likes a brown-noser.  People can also see when you’re not being a team player and putting your own interests clearly ahead of others, specifically other students on elective.  Don’t make other people look bad.  So make sure you put in serious effort, but make it look genuine and don’t go too over the top.  As one resident told me, your goal is for the residents to miss you when you leave because you helped out so much.


All in?

A difficult decision is how to structure your electives.  Do you want to put all your eggs in one basket and only apply to Ophthalmology or do you want to be diversified and apply to internal medicine, family, obs/gyn?  This is a tricky question and depending on who you ask (and their degree of success) you will get different answers.  For me, I put all my eggs in one basket.  I only applied to urology programs.  However, knowing that the field is competitive, I applied all across the country and would have been willing to go anywhere.

While having a contingency plan is advisable for some, be careful when it comes to surgical specialities.  They want to see interest in their respective field.  If they see you’ve done electives in plastics, vascular, ortho, optho, ENT surgery, as opposed to all electives in ENT, then they might question whether or not you really are interested in ENT.  So while it’s good to test out different fields during electives, be careful.


Electives in fourth year are an incredible time when you get to travel around the country meeting lots of interesting people and work in the field you are hopefully going to pursue for your career.  There’s no question that it’s an intense and difficult time, but it is also rewarding.  Good luck out there and remember to be keen, but not too keen!

 

 

Med School Musings – Clerkship aka Baby Doc

You’ve been dreaming of strutting down the hospital hallways in scrubs, standing next to an OR table under the bright lights, and shocking patients back to life in the emerg.  Now you get your chance.  The final two years of med school are the most exciting, interesting, challenging, and sleep-depriving of (likely) your entire life.  While your role isn’t huge, you definitely have a place in the healthcare team now.  You finally feel like you are contributing something, and you begin to realize how little you really know.  You have now entered the roller-coaster ride that is clerkship.  Seriously though, how many times do you get to hold a beating heart in open heart surgery or to walk in a room and have a complete stranger break down in tears and tell your their most intimate secrets?  Not often!  Until clerkship.


Welcome to the jungle.

Let me begin with a story.  My first rotation in clerkship was general surgery (awesome!).  Our first two days would be orientation, and then we would head out to our respective teams.  But, as the schedule would have it, I was supposed to be “on call” the very first night.  I didn’t even know what that meant, other than I would be staying at the hospital over-night.  After all of our orientation lectures/sessions were finished on the first day, I reported to the resident at 5pm.  She gave me a quick tour and some basic call tips – remember your cell phone charger and always bring new socks.  It felt like the scene from Forest Gump when they get to Vietnam and are told to always have clean socks.  There are more similarities between general surgery and ‘Nam than you would think!  Since I knew nothing about being a clerk it was my job to follow the resident around.  It was pretty awesome – we saw ward patients, did ER consults, and went to the operating room.  It was fantastic to see everything in action, although I learned quickly that clerkship requires an entirely new, more pragmatic, knowledge-base than the first two years of med school.  Before I knew it the sun was rising – we had been up ALL night without a minute of sleep.  I admit I was on an adrenaline high and didn’t mind too much, but then I remembered I didn’t get a “post-call day” because I had my second day of orientation.  Still wearing my clothes from the morning before, my fellow clerks stood in awe/disgust/fear as I sat through lecture after lecture that day nodding off and looking like a zombie.  At the end of the second day of orientation I had been at work (and working) for about 33 hours.  What had I gotten myself into…

My first two days of clerkship weren’t representative of my final two years of med school but there were certainly other times when I had been working 24+ hours in a row.  After awhile it becomes less of a big deal than before.  You also realize that no matter how much work you do, or how little sleep you get, the resident usually has it worse.  That thought makes me nervous about my upcoming residency start date of July 1…


Be open.

One piece of advice I would have about clerkship is to be open to new areas of medicine.  You might be gunning for psychiatry from day 1 but for many people this is the only chance they will ever get to be in an operating room or to participate in a dermatology clinic. It’s important to take advantage of these experiences because they may actually be your last training in a specific field of medicine…ever.  I can tell you that I won’t be delivering babies any time soon but those few weeks on Obs/Gyn helping labouring mothers and catching my first baby are pretty memorable, and also essential to the medical experience.

That being said, if you’re not interested in a given field still make an effort while you are doing your rotation in it.  There are many reasons.  First, no one wants to work with someone who’s only putting in half an effort and making others pick up the slack.  Second, you may have off-service residents on your rotation who are either in the program you want or know people in the program you want, so pissing them off is a bad idea.  Third, you are there to learn and the best way to do that is to get involved.  Finally, you never know if a specialty will surprise you.  I had amazing times on both my psychiatry and emergency medicine rotations.  Knowing that I was gunning for a surgical specialty, I was pretty surprised how much I enjoyed them.  Even to this day I can see myself enjoying my life as a psychiatrist.  No wait, who am I kidding, I need to operate.


Don’t be a dick.

One of the most important things that will impact your success in clerkship as well as residency matching is being a team player.  I assume this carries over to residency as well but I’ll let you know.  This doesn’t mean sucking up to your seniors, it means not complaining when the going gets tough.  It means getting things done that you said you would do.  It means looking around at everyone on your team and offering to help in any way you can to move things forward.  Basically, be a nice person and be easy to get along with.  Don’t throw people under the bus, don’t whine about work, etc.  Your clerkship rotations can in a way act as job interviews.  Programs want to choose candidates who they know will get along with their current residents.  A poor attitude and unsavoury reputation can haunt you if you’re not careful.


Prepare early.

By the time 3rd year comes to a close you should have a pretty good idea of what you want to pursue as a career.  Ideally though, it would be much better to figure this out earlier.  That way you can schedule your 3rd year rotations and electives such that you get exposure in your chosen field.  This is especially important for competitive surgical fields.  Surgical programs tend to be much smaller than their medical counterparts.  At my university there are over 30 internal medicine residents per year compared to 2 ENT residents.  That being said, for surgical programs especially, it is important for you to get to know the residents and staff.  Spending time with them on rotations and electives is an excellent way to do this (provided that you work hard and follow the “don’t be a dick rule”).  Another way to do this is to start getting involved with research projects.  Sometimes it’s hard to do full-on research, but you can at least offer to write a case report.  Start getting your name out there and working on your reputation as a likeable person and a team player.


Coast to the finish.

Following your (hopefully) successful residency match in 4th year, you will have half of the year left to fill with electives.  Some of my classmates chose to do “real electives” like internal medicine, ICU, or general surgery.  While this is certainly an admirable approach I would not recommend it.  Take that time to travel.  But how can you do that if you still have electives?  Do an international elective!  Not only is it a fantastic way to see a new place, you get to spend a whole month there.  Most international electives have pretty lax requirements and give you lots of time to explore and do touristy stuff.  For example, a colleague of mine went overseas for a cardiology elective and had a long weekend every weekend and got off work at 11am every day.  She ended up getting her diving certification and went scuba diving on the Great Barrier Reef.  This is in comparison to another classmate who stayed home and did a general surgery elective with over-night call every third day.

From what I understand and what I’ve seen, the real work starts in residency.  So, make the most of your remaining months in med school and do something fun.  Travel!  Train for a marathon.  Do anything except work day and night, because there’s plenty of that to come.


Clerkship can be a grind sometimes, but you will also have some of the most memorable experiences of your entire life during these two years.  And importantly, you get your first chance to experience what it’s really like to be a doctor.

Med School Musings – Pre-clerkship life

As part of my series of posts before residency starts I thought I would say a few words on pre-clerkship years of med school.  In the future I’ll discuss clerkship years, electives for surgical specialties, and finally the anxiety-provoking residency matching system.

Medical school, for the most part, consists of four years.  The first two are usually called “pre-clerkship,” because these are the years you spend mostly in lectures and small-group sessions with very limited patient interaction.  The third and fourth years are usually referred to as “clerkship” because you are a clinical clerk working at various hospitals and clinics.  As a clerk you are the junior member of the medical/surgical team and have a role in patient care, although your responsibilities are limited and you have copious supervision/hand-holding.


Off to the races.

The first year of medical school was some of the most fun I’ve ever had and also one of the most memorable years of my life so far.  A couple hundred over-achievers who are so excited and relieved to finally have made it into med school are brought together in a completely new, daunting, yet awe-inspiring environment.  Almost everyone is a complete stranger.  It makes for an interesting social experiment.  During the first week there are many introductory and congratulatory lectures as well as social events.  Everyone is trying to be as friendly and open as possible.  You look around and wonder who of these people will end up being your closest friends.  Learning about everyone’s diverse and interesting backgrounds highlights the fact that there really is no straightforward path to get into med school.

Depending on what your background was before, first year can be a breeze or a bit of a shock.  Coming from a science background I found that most of the first year material was review, and thus pretty easy.  Some of my friends with arts backgrounds didn’t feel the same way.  Don’t worry though, everyone passed in the end.  The school needs to make sure everyone is on the same page and to accomplish this throws the students into a chaotic whirlwind of crash course learning.  You cover A LOT of material in a small amount of time.  Our Immunology lectures lasted about a week, and pretty much covered what I learned in an entire semester during a similar college course.  A week of genetics, week of embryology, week of neoplasia, week of biochemistry, etc.  You get the idea.  My friends without science degrees were a little stressed to say the least.

On a lighter note, the social aspects of first year were amazing.  There were parties every week.  People who never knew each other a week ago were going out for drinks and dancing together.  Everyone is in “super friendly mode” and everyone is just ecstatic to be there. The academic load is pretty low and you don’t really have many looming exams or assignment to complete.  Any exams you do have are pass/fail so no longer are you striving for that >90% mark, and boy does that take some stress out of the equation. The energy is amazing, and we all had this feeling that we were about to embark on something special together.  We were right.

Some people might wonder if they should initiate research projects to get a head start in a competitive field.  Should they be shadowing doctors to get some face time in?  My answer is: not really.  Most people have no idea what area of medicine they want to pursue when they start med school.  Those people who think they know, don’t.  There are a few exceptions, of course.  But, believe me when I say you do not know anything about the speciality you are interested in until you have actually worked in that area.  Shadowing can give you some idea but you really need to do a rotation or elective to truly understand what a field is like. Some of my friends chose to do summer research projects during the first summer.  I backpacked South America for two months.  Those same friends made their regrets very clear by the time we were finishing up fourth year.


Acclimation and boredom.

Second year of med school is a different animal.  By now you’ve met a lot of your classmates and have started to form your close-knit friend groups.  You’ll find that you can talk to anyone in your class endlessly about medicine, much to the dismay of your non-medicine friends who attend the same parties.  But there is a good reason for this.  You have been sharing the most amazing experiences with these people and these experiences have been dominating your life for the past year.  You’ve dissected cadavers together, fumbled through blood pressure readings together, and had the same good/bad lecturers.  There’s lots to talk about.  But by the time second year rolls around you start to get used to these extraordinary experiences.

During second year the content changes in that you work through various body systems (cardio, resp, GI, GU, etc.) but the format remains largely unchanged.  As the year goes on you start to get a little antsy.  You’ve been learning all this medical information but haven’t really had much of an opportunity to see it in action.  Sure, you do your weekly family practice sessions and shadow/work with a family doctor.  But that won’t satisfy the restless budding surgeon within you.  This is why I think second year was the most boring of the four.  Sitting through days of lectures and PBL (small, case-based learning groups) gets old. It’s definitely time to move on.

In terms of research, I’d say it’s a split at this point.  Some of my friends started research projects in second year, including myself.  Some ended up in an entirely different field from what their research was in, some didn’t.  For me, I first shadowed a urologic surgeon for a day which turned out to be an amazing experience.  For those who don’t know what urology is (which I didn’t), here:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urology

After seeing some of the incredible procedures and the cutting-edge technology urologists employ, like robots and lasers, I wanted to see some of it first hand.  Luckily for me, I was allowed to play around with a $2 million surgical robot on my first day of shadowing.  Needless to say I was hooked.  After that I wrote a urology case report during the remainder of my second year, and eventually chose that as my specialty.


 

Tips for the first two years.

  • Enjoy this time because you will never have this much free-time in your life (except for the last half of fourth year).
  • Be open to meeting new people – your med school class is filled with amazing individuals and you are embarking on an incredible journey together.
  • Do something interesting like travel during your first summer; it’s too early to really know what you want to do.
  • Consider shadowing or minor research during second year, but still do something interesting/travel for at least part of the summer.
  • Even though second year is a grind towards the end, savour the long nights of sleep because your ass is about to get handed to you in 3rd year.

If you’ve got any questions/thoughts comment below!

First steps – getting into medical school

Given that I have three weeks before actually starting residency I thought I would discuss some of the major steps that I’ve taken to get to the position I am currently in.  Since many people don’t understand the timeline of becoming a doctor, it goes something like this:

  • Four (sometimes three) years of college education, culminating in a Bachelors degree
  • Four years of medical school
  • Two-five years of residency (where you become a specialist or general practitioner) – basically a junior doctor
  • One-three years optional fellowship (sub-specialty training; often required to get jobs at competitive centres)
  • Total of 9-15+ years of post-secondary education

The decision.

I remember being an undergraduate student and disliking the term “premed.”  What does that even mean?  Really, there is no such thing as “premed.”  There is no program that guarantees entrance into the holy grail that is medical school.  Some people have science degrees, others have degrees in creative writing.  The only real commonalities are a handful of pre-requisite courses and the desire for a career in helping others.

Deciding that you want to become a doctor unleashes a tidal wave of planning, studying, volunteering, and genuine effort.  Getting into med school isn’t something to be taken lightly.  Not to say that med school is elitist, but the monumental effort is required because there are so many other people fighting for those coveted spots – your competition.


Be yourself.

I actually worked briefly at a med school application consulting company.  People want to know exactly what they should do to get in.  I know this first hand because I was the very same way.  Tell me what I should do! I asked the same question not too long ago and received the unsatisfying answer of “just be yourself.”  Being on the other side of the admissions table though I can tell you that this is actually true, as frustrating as that may seem.  It is very obvious when someone is trying to convey themselves as someone they’re not. The basic message is that there is no clear cut path to get into medical school.  You need to play to your strengths and, most importantly, strive to be well-rounded.

Most people think you need to have a science degree before entering med school.  Not true.  In my class there were people with teaching, english, creative writing, engineering, computer programming, kinesiology, and math degrees.  I will admit that many people had science degrees, but certainly not all.  In fact, admissions committees are now looking even more closely at “non-traditional” applicants because they want to introduce some variety and depth into the newest generation of medical trainees.


Strive for well-roundedness.

Admissions committees like to see two things.  First, that you’ve dedicated yourself in an area and have excelled in that area.  This can be sports, music, the arts, etc.  If you’re not that person fear not because there are always exceptions.  Some people in my class don’t have one big thing that they do/did, but instead are just genuinely interesting people with varied hobbies, activities, and life experiences. Second, they want to see that you can also do other things – they want you to be well-rounded.  I have a background in athletics and was on the national team at one point.  While having this on my CV was great, I knew I needed to incorporate more volunteering so that I wasn’t so uni-dimensional.  During college I volunteered in two different labs in my department, I taught elementary school kids science lessons, and was a Big Brother.  Since I never had time for volunteering during my sports career, I tried to make up for it when I did have more time during college.  I suppose a third thing committees look for is that you’re not completely insane – although some people slip through the cracks.


Be specific.

For those of you actually writing your applications, the best piece of advice I can give you is BE SPECIFIC.  What I mean is, if you write something on your application about yourself, back it up with a meaningful example.  Anyone can say “I like to help people,” but if you can say that you volunteered for two years with underprivileged youth and learned the values of role models and mentoring then your case is much stronger.  Instead of saying “I enjoy sports,” tell them how you captained your intramural volleyball team during college or how you’re training for your first half-marathon.  Giving specific examples about everything you do will help you stand out from the crowd of cliches, and will make your application much more memorable.


Be persistent.

Finally, if you don’t get in the first time, try again.  I would say 30-40% of my classmates made more than one attempt before finally being accepted into medical school.  There is no shame in it.  The simple fact is, there are more qualified applicants than there are seats and they have to make the cut somewhere – often it is just dumb luck.  That being said, if you don’t get in the first time take a good hard look at your application.  Try to correct any deficiencies.  Also, keep in mind that you don’t have that much time before the next application cycle, so it may be hard to start a new volunteering activity and still have it look genuine.  Consider something a little more off-beat such as backpacking through South America of Africa.  On your next application you can talk about all the exciting adventures you had and how they transformed you as a person and gave you more worldly perspective.

 

Good luck.  While getting into medical school may seem like a difficult task, I can tell you whole-heartedly that it is 100% worth it.  It will change your life.

Leave any comments you have below and feel free to ask me any questions!

 

 

Calm before the storm

“It takes five years to learn when to operate and twenty years to learn when not to.”

-some sage surgeon

 

I have embarked on that five year journey.

Welcome to Slice of Life.

My goal is to chronicle the experiences, from triumphant to catastrophic, during my surgical residency. This July I will begin a five year residency program in surgery. I hope to give interested parties some insight into the life of a young surgeon, as well as what actions and experiences have fortuitously guided me to this point. Well, maybe in the near future they might not seem so fortuitous… I also use the term “surgeon” loosely, because at this point I am no more than a newly-graduated medical student and have never really operated. That’s about to change though.

I welcome you to follow along with me. I will do my best to convey the authentic experiences of becoming a surgeon, so you don’t have to learn everything from a TV show. And for those aspiring surgeons out there, I want to share with you what I did to get to this point as well as what you are getting into.

So, bookmark/subscribe/follow along, and batten down the hatches.